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Copyright
© Goeller
This article is not for reprint without
written permission from the author.
Check out
the Gymnastics Drills and Conditioning Books!
As
basic as the split leap is, there are still a great number of gymnasts who cannot
perform this skill correctly. Many gymnasts are reaching a 180 degree split of
the legs, but they are not keeping their hips square, in line with their
shoulders. Once a gymnast has become accustomed to turning her hips in order to
reach a larger split of the legs, it can be very difficult to correct.
Training a gymnast to keep her hips square during
a split leap must be a goal from the day she walks into her first gymnastics
class. If trained to remain square from the start there will be a greater
chance her split leaps will be performed correctly for her entire gymnastics career.
It is helpful to encourage gymnasts to keep their hips square hips while
stretching for splits, performing splits, leaps, walkovers, and handsprings.
Another common problem with the split leap is
that many gymnasts have enough flexibility in their hamstrings, but not enough
flexibility in their hip flexor and quadriceps muscles to correctly split their
legs for their split leap among other skills. Hip flexors are the group of
muscles that lift the leg forward and upward. When these muscle groups lack
flexibility, the opposite motion of lifting the leg backward and upward (for the
split) becomes difficult.
Here is a simple way to evaluate your gymnast's
hip placement and flexibility regarding a split and ultimately her split leap.
Have your gymnast perform a split the way she normally performs this skill. Even
if she cannot reach the floor in a split, this evaluation can still be
performed. Once your gymnast is in a split ask her to bend her back leg so that
her back foot is lifted from the floor and she reaches a 90 degree angle with
that leg. Your gymnast’s back foot should be off the floor and her back knee
will remain on the floor. If your gymnast’s back foot naturally points towards a
wall rather than the ceiling she may benefit from additional work regarding hip
placement. Your gymnast may also benefit from an increase in flexibility
training for the hip flexor and quadriceps areas. If her back foot immediately
points toward the ceiling rather than a wall she may already have the correct
hip placement.
Your gymnast may need to lift her body up a bit
from the split in order to perform this gymnastics evaluation or make
adjustments with hip placement. If you have discovered that your gymnast’s hips
have not remained square while she performed this simple gymnastics evaluation,
you may be able to easily help her correct her hip placement by instructing her
to pull the hip on the same side of the back leg forward. Once she is asked to
pull that hip forward your gymnast's back foot may point towards the ceiling. At
that point many gymnasts can feel the difference between the correct and
incorrect hip placement during splits. Sometimes awareness is all that is
necessary to correct the hip placement problem, but many gymnasts will require a
change in their flexibility training as well.
You may have determined that your gymnast will
benefit from stretching the hip flexor and quadriceps areas more thoroughly. The
following stretch is simple, but very effective for gymnasts of all levels.
Hip Flexor Stretch on
Block.
-
Have your gymnast lie on their back on a mat stack
or spotting block.
-
Make sure her buttocks area is at the edge of the
mat stack or block.
-
Instruct
your gymnast to bring one thigh to her chest with a bent knee.
-
Next instruct your gymnast to place her hands on
her upper shin in order to hold that leg close to her chest, throughout this
stretch.
-
Next instruct your gymnast to lift her other leg
above her body so that her toes are pointed toward the ceiling. This leg can be
slightly bent\relaxed. The knee and heel on this leg must be in line with the
hip bone and shoulder on the same side throughout this entire stretch.
-
Once in the starting position, instruct your
gymnast slowly lower the lifted leg so that her thigh becomes level with the
block and then lower than the level of the block.
-
Once lowered as much as the gymnast's hip flexor
muscles will allow that leg will hang below the top level of the block or mat
stack.
-
Again, make sure the leg that is hanging below the
level of the block is lined up with your gymnast’s hip and not off to the side.
-
Allow your gymnast to remain in this position so
that her hip flexor muscles will be stretched. Gravity will do the job of slowly
and steadily stretching your gymnast. If your gymnast has performed this stretch
before and you feel that this stretch is no longer effective, allow her to wear
a light ankle weight.
-
For safety, your gymnast must hold the opposite
leg in place in order to keep her lower back on the block.
This second stretch is fairly common, but many
coaches do not ask their gymnasts to bend their back leg, which deprives their
gymnast’s of a complete stretch in this position.
Hip Flexor/Hamstring Stretch
-
Instruct your gymnast to kneel on the floor with
one leg in front of her body.
-
Next instruct your gymnast to shift her weight to
their front leg, pressing her hips down and forward.
-
Once your gymnast’s hips are pressed down and
forward, instruct her to lift their back foot off the floor, bending at the
knee. Make sure she keeps her knee on the floor.
-
Make sure your gymnast’s front foot is not past
her knee for the safest and most efficient stretch.
-
Watch your gymnast’s back foot to see whether it
points towards the wall or the ceiling. If her back toe is not pointed towards
the ceiling then her hips are likely not square. Instruct your gymnast to pull
the hip on the same side as her back leg forward and to press the hip on the
same side as her front leg forward.
-
For the hamstrings: Keeping her feet in place,
have your gymnast shift her hips back and then flex her front foot in order to
stretch the front leg’s hamstring muscles.
-
Make sure your gymnast is not sitting on her back
foot. If she is sitting on her back foot, instruct your gymnast to move her
front foot forward.
-
To help you gymnast understand how to remain
square in this stretch you can ask her make sure the top of her inner thighs are
touching each other. Stretching square will help keep your gymnast’s splits and
leaps square.

Focus on your gymnast's hip position in relation
to her shoulders in all stretches of this nature because once you allow a
gymnast to turn at the hips rather than remaining square you will be allowing
the muscles to move and gain flexibility in a different direction than intended.
It takes time, focus, and a commitment to
excellence to insist that a gymnast perform her warm up exercises, leaps,
walkovers, and handsprings with square hips, but the safety benefits and time
saved when training advanced skills or routines is invaluable.
The book, Gymnastics Drills and Conditioning Exercises has a
dance drills
section that includes drills for the split leap and straddle jump.
You
may also be interested in....
Tumbling
Conditioning Animated E-Books
Cast Handstand
Conditioning E-Books
Gymnastics Drills and Conditioning Book
Handstand Drills and Conditioning Book
Private
Gymnastics Training with Karen Goeller
By Karen M. Goeller, CSCS
Karen Goeller has
been training athletes since 1978. She has an
education that includes training in emergency medicine, physical therapy, and
nutrition. She has held certifications that include NSCA-CSCS, Fitness Trainer,
EMT-D, Nutritional Analysis, and many Gymnastics Certifications among others.
Besides being author of the Gymnastics
Drills and Conditioning books, Karen is the author of the
Swing Set Fitness books. She has also published
journals, training programs, and
articles. Her books are used by fitness
experts, coaches, teachers, and athletes worldwide. Karen has worked for world
famous gymnastics coach Bela Karolyi, owned a gymnastics club for ten years, and
has been featured in several newspapers and on television many times. She offers
sports performance training and private
gymnastics training in NJ. For
more on Karen visit
www.KarenGoeller.com.
Fitness Training | Gymnastics Books | Fitness Books | Order Books | Drills & Conditioning | Gymnastics Articles
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